Collision warning system

ABSTRACT

A vehicle collision warning system including a vehicle that includes a first sensor configured to monitor for an exit condition, a second sensor configured to monitor for a hazard condition, an internal warning signal system configured to emit a warning signal to warn a vehicle occupant about the hazard condition, the internal warning signal system including at least one warning device configured to emit the warning signal, and a processor configured to detect an exit condition using a first signal from the first sensor, detect a hazard condition using a second signal from the second sensor, and control the at least one warning device in response to the hazard condition.

RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a continuation of Non-Provisional U.S.application Ser. No. 14/951,468, filed Nov. 24, 2015, the disclosure ofwhich is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for allpurposes.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The disclosure generally relates to a collision warning system for avehicle.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Vehicles such as cars and trucks are used in a variety of environments.Some of these environments may include dense population centers, lowvisibility situations, difficult weather conditions, etc. At times,these environments may be challenging for those trying to exit a vehiclewhile still avoiding other vehicles and pedestrians. For example, indensely populated areas roads may offer limited space for vehicles andpedestrians to travel. Accordingly, accidents may occur when drivers andpassengers attempt to exit vehicles during traffic. Traffic accidentsmay also occur as drivers and passengers exit vehicles in low visibilitysituations and bad weather.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The embodiments discussed below include a collision warning systemcapable of warning vehicle occupants and nearby traffic of a possiblecollision situation between a vehicle occupant exiting a vehicle andnearby traffic passing by. The collision warning system enablesdetection of a hazard condition in a variety of environments using oneor more collision sensors. These environments may include densepopulation centers, low visibility situations, and difficult weatherconditions. In some embodiments, the collisions sensors may becomplimentary; thus, enabling detection of a hazard condition even whensome sensor capabilities are degraded (e.g., low light, bad weather). Inorder to warn vehicle occupants and/or neighboring traffic of a possiblehazard condition, the collision warning system may include an internalwarning signal system and/or an external warning signal system. Theinternal and external warning signal systems include one or more warningdevices capable of providing a warning signal to vehicle occupants andnearby traffic. The warning signals may be audio, visual, and/orvibratory.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a vehicle with a collisionwarning system;

FIG. 2 is an inside view of an embodiment of a vehicle with a collisionwarning system;

FIG. 3 is a rear view of an embodiment of a vehicle with a collisionwarning system; and

FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an embodiment of a method illustratingoperation of the collision warning system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of a vehicle 8 with a collisionwarning system 10. While FIG. 1 illustrates a car as the vehicle 8, thevehicle 8 may be any number of other vehicles (e.g., car, truck, train,airplane, motorcycle, etc.). In operation, the collision warning system10 warns vehicle occupants of an approaching hazard 12 before and/orwhile the vehicle occupants exit the vehicle 8. Approaching hazards 12may include other vehicles and/or pedestrians. In some embodiments, thecollision warning system 10 may also warn neighboring traffic (e.g.,other vehicles and/or pedestrians) that someone is attempting to exit ordismount the vehicle 8, thus further reducing the risk of a trafficaccident.

The collision warning system 10 includes a variety of components thatoperate together in order to warn drivers and passengers of a potentialhazard(s) 12 as well as neighboring pedestrians, and/or other vehiclesthat someone is about to or is in the process of exiting the vehicle 8.These components may include a variety of collision sensors 14 placed atdifferent locations on the vehicle 8. For example, the collision sensors14 may couple to the front of the vehicle 8, the back of the vehicle 8,on top of the vehicle 8, sides of the vehicle 8 (e.g., doors 16), and/orthe side mirrors 18, etc. In this way, the collision warning system 10may enable 360 degree collision warning for hazards 12 approaching thevehicle 8. However, in some embodiments the vehicle 8 may only havecollision sensors 14 that enable hazard 12 detection from one direction(e.g., hazards 12 approaching from the rear of the vehicle 8).

The collision sensors 14 may include optical cameras, infrared cameras,motion detectors, radar, lasers, ultrasonic sensors, and/or any othersensor(s). In some embodiments, the collision warning system 10 mayinclude sensor packages 20 that include one or more collision sensors 14(e.g., optical cameras, infrared cameras, motion detectors, radar,lasers, ultrasonic sensors, etc.). By including a variety of collisionsensors 14, the collision warning system 10 may provide redundantdetection of hazards 12 in different environmental conditions. Forexample, during daylight hours the optical camera may enable hazard 12detection, but at night or in low light conditions the optical cameramay not be able to identify hazards 12. In these situations, anothercollision sensor 14, such as an infrared camera or radar, may thenprovide hazard 12 detection. In other words, when the capability of onecollision sensor 14 is degraded another collision sensor 14 may stilldetect hazards 12. Accordingly, the collision warning system 10 mayprovide continuous or near continuous hazard 12 detection in a varietyof conditions such as rain, low light, snow, fog, sand/dust storms,among others.

In operation, the collision sensors 14 transmit signals (e.g.,wirelessly, through wired connections) to a controller 22 (e.g.,computer). The controller 22 may include one or more processors 24 thatexecute instructions stored on one or more memories 26 to process thesignals (e.g., data) from the collision sensors 14. For example, thecontroller 22 may receive a signal (e.g., data) from an optical camera.The processor 24 may then execute a program stored on the memory 26 thatrecognizes objects (e.g., cars, trucks, bicycles, pedestrians, animals,etc.) in images taken by the optical camera. If the processor 24 detectsa hazard 12, the processor 24 executes instructions to activate aninternal warning signal system 28 and/or an external warning signalsystem 30. For example, the controller 22 may detect a hazard in lessthan 0.1, 0.3, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 seconds, etc. In some embodiments, thecontroller 22 may continuously receive feedback from the collisionsensor 14 enabling the controller 22 to track changes of the potentialhazard 12 and determine if the changes alter the hazard condition (e.g.,increase the risk of collision, reduce the risk of collision, or removethe risk of collision). These changes may include changes in the speedof the hazard 12; changes in the distance between the hazard 12 and thevehicle 8; changes in the direction of travel of the hazard 12; etc. Forexample, threshold distances, threshold speeds, etc. may be stored inthe memory 26 and accessed by the processor 24 to determine whether ahazard condition exists. Furthermore, in some embodiments, thecontroller 22 may simultaneously receive feedback from multiplecollision sensors 14 (e.g., collisions sensors 14 with the same oroverlapping coverage) enabling the controller 22 to more accuratelyidentify a hazard 12 (e.g., cross-reference, verify) and determine if ahazard condition or situation exists.

In some embodiments, the collision warning system 10 may connect to aremote server 32 that processes the signals from the collision sensors14. Indeed, instead of including processor(s) 24 on the vehicle 8 thatare capable of processing the feedback from the collision sensors 14, aremote server 32 with one or more processors 34 may process signals fromthe collision sensors 14 using instructions (e.g., programs) stored onone or more memories 36. For example, the collision warning system 10may include a transmitter/receiver 38 that receives signals eitherdirectly from the collision sensors 14 or receives the signals throughthe controller 22. The transmitter/receiver 38 then transmits the sensorsignals (e.g., through cellular networks, wireless networks, etc.) tothe server 32, which then processes the signals and identifies whether ahazard condition exists. If the server 32 identifies a hazard conditionafter processing signals from the sensors 14, then the server 32transmits a signal to the controller 22 to activate the internal warningsignal system 28 and/or the external warning signal system 30. In someembodiments, the controller 22 and the server 32 may redundantly processsignals from the collision sensors 14, or the server 32 may only processfeedback from the collision sensor 14 if the controller 22 is unable todo so.

FIG. 2 is an inside view of an embodiment of a vehicle 8 with acollision warning system 10. As explained above, once a hazard conditionis identified the controller 22 activates an internal warning signalsystem 28. The internal warning signal system 28 may include any numberof warning devices 50 that communicate in one or more ways with thevehicle occupants (e.g., visual, audio, vibration). For example, onewarning device 50 may be a display (e.g., center console display,dashboard display, seat display, heads-up display) within the vehicle 8that provides a warning message. For example, the message may be awritten message that flashes, scrolls, etc. on the display. In someembodiments, the message may be a picture that illustrates the vehicle 8and the potential hazard 12 with a symbol (e.g., dot, vehicle symbol,pedestrian symbol). The display may also illustrate the location of thepotential hazard 12 with respect to the vehicle 8. Moreover, in someembodiments, the controller 22 may be able to identify the type ofhazard 12 and then display the specific type of hazard 12 (e.g.,pedestrian, vehicle, animal) on the display, thus providing the vehicleoccupants with more situational awareness.

In some embodiments, the internal warning signal system 28 may includeone or more warning devices 50 that provide an audio warning signal. Forexample, one or more warning devices 50 may be audio speakers (e.g.,display speakers, vehicle speakers, etc.). These audio speakers mayprovide a brief audio message that warns the vehicle occupants of thepotential hazards 12 outside of the vehicle 8. The audio message may bea generic warning or a specific warning that gives additional detailsabout the type of hazard 12 (e.g., pedestrian, vehicle, animal,location, etc.).

The internal warning signal system 28 may also include warning device(s)50 that are lights. For example, the warning device(s) 50 may be cabinlights, reading lights, lights in the rear view mirror, lights in theside mirrors, lights on doors, lights on the car frame, or anycombination thereof. These lights may flash, remain completely on,change colors, etc. For example, if the hazard 12 is a vehicle 8, thecontroller 22 may rapidly flash the lights, while slowly flashing thelights if the hazard 12 is a pedestrian. In some embodiments, thecontroller 22 may increase light intensity, increase flashing, and/orchange colors, etc. as the hazard 12 approaches, maintains speed,increases in speed, etc. For example, if the hazard 12 is outside of athreshold distance green lights may slowly flash to advise the vehicleoccupant that a hazard 12 is approaching, but is still far enough awaythat the vehicle occupant may exit the vehicle while avoiding acollision. If the hazard 12 is closer, increases speed, etc. the lightsmay change from green to yellow flashing lights. If the hazard 12 isclose and a collision is imminent or highly likely, the lights maychange from yellow to red to indicate that the vehicle occupant shouldremain in the car until the hazard 12 has passed. Likewise, if thehazard condition changes (e.g., the hazard 12 reduces speed, changesdirection, etc.) the lights may decrease in intensity, decrease rate offlashing, and/or change colors, etc. In some embodiments, the controller22 may activate lights in specific locations in the vehicle 8 dependingon the location of the hazard 12 and/or the location where the vehicleoccupant will exit the vehicle 8. For example, if the hazard 12 is on aspecific side of a vehicle 8, lights may be activated only on the sideof the vehicle 8 where the hazard 12 may cause a collision.

In order to assist handicapped individuals, the internal warning signalsystem 28 may include one or more warning device(s) 50 capable ofwarning a handicapped individual. As explained above, the internalwarning signal system 28 may include visual and/or audio warning devices50. However, audio and visual warnings may be ineffective for peoplethat are visually and/or hearing impaired. Therefore, by includingvibratory warning devices 50, the internal warning signal system 28 isable to warn/caution handicapped individuals of potential hazards 12when exiting a vehicle 8. The vibrator warning devices 50 may be placedat various locations in the vehicle 8. For example, vibrator warningdevices 50 may be placed on the floor of the vehicle 8, enabling theoccupant to feel the vibration through their feet. The vibrator warningdevices 50 may also be placed in the seats, armrests, backrests, doorhandles, etc. In some embodiments, the controller 22 may change how thevibration warning device 50 operates in response to the hazardcondition. For example, if a hazard 12 is outside a threshold distance,the vibration warning device 50 may periodically turn on and off toindicate that there is a hazard 12, but that the hazard 12 is outside athreshold distance from the vehicle 8. If the hazard 12 is within athreshold distance, the vibration warning device 50 may activate andremain on, increase intensity, vibrate rapidly, etc. until the hazardcondition has passed.

While the above examples of warning devices 50 have been discussedindividually some embodiments of the internal warning signal system 28may combine all or some of the different types of warning devices 50together. For example, the internal warning signal system 28 may combinewarning devices 50 that provide a visual message (e.g., display and/orlights) with a warning device 50 that provides an audio message. In someembodiments, the internal warning signal system 28 may warn vehicleoccupants through warning devices 50 that provide vibratory, visual, andauditory signals.

In operation, the internal warning signal system 10 may be triggeredthrough feedback from exit sensors 52 and/or the location of the hazard12. In order to determine where the vehicle occupant will exit thevehicle, the controller 22 may use one or more exit sensors 52 (e.g., avehicle occupant sensor). The exit sensors 52 may include motionsensors, optical cameras, seat belt sensors, an ignition sensor, avehicle motion sensor, weight sensors, a gear sensor, door handlesensors, etc. In some embodiments, the controller 22 may use feedbackfrom the exit sensors 52 and collision sensors 14, in order to warn allvehicle occupants or tailor the warning signals (e.g., to a subset ofthe vehicle occupants). For example, the controller 22 may receivesignals indicating the location of the vehicle occupant that is about toexit the vehicle 8 (e.g., front seat, back seat, driver's seat, etc.).In response, the controller 22 may not activate a warning device 50 ifthe hazard 12 is approaching a right side of the vehicle 8, and thevehicle occupant is exiting the left side of the vehicle 8. However, ifthere is a vehicle occupant exiting on the right side of the vehicle 8and the hazard condition is on the right side then the controller 22 mayactivate warning devices 50 located on the right side of the vehicle 8or throughout the vehicle 8.

FIG. 3 is a rear view of an embodiment of a vehicle 8 with a collisionwarning system 10. As mentioned above, the collision warning system 10may also warn nearby traffic about a vehicle occupant that is about toor is in the process of exiting the vehicle 8 using the external warningsignal system 30. In other words, the collision warning system 10 iscapable of warning vehicle occupants of a hazard condition as well asthose outside of the vehicle 8. The collision warning system 10 may dothis through warning devices 50 that are either visual, auditory, orthrough a combination of both visual and auditory signals. Asillustrated, an external warning signal system 30 includes warningdevices 50. The warning devices 50 may be lights (e.g., taillights, turnsignal lights, headlights, and/or special dedicated lights used by thecollision warning system 10). These lights may automatically activatewhen a vehicle occupant triggers one or more exit sensor 52 (e.g.,releases a seatbelt, grabs a door handle, stops the car, turns theignition off, pushes a button, or a combination thereof). In someembodiments, the lights may only turn on when a hazard condition hasbeen identified.

Once the lights are active, the controller 22 may change/adjust thelights in response to changing conditions around the vehicle, the lightsmay flash, change color, change intensity, etc. For example, thecontroller 22 may increase light intensity, increase flashing, and/orchange colors as the hazard 12 approaches, maintains speed, increases inspeed, etc. For example, if the hazard 12 is outside of a thresholdrange then lights (e.g., yellow lights) may slowly flash to advise theoncoming traffic about a hazard condition. As the hazard 12 approaches,increases speed, comes within a threshold range of the vehicle 8, etc.,the lights may change from yellow to red, increase intensity, increasein flash frequency, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, thecontroller 22 may activate lights at specific locations on the vehicle 8depending on the location of the hazard 12 and whether a vehicleoccupant will exit the vehicle 8 into the path of or near the hazard 12.For example, if the hazard 12 is on a specific side of a vehicle 8,lights may be activated only on the side of the vehicle 8 where thehazard 12 may cause a collision. In some embodiments, warning devices 50that are part of the internal warning signal system 28 may be part of orassist the external warning signal system 30. As explained above, theinternal warning signal system 28 may include lights that couple to thedoor 16. These lights may remain active when the door 16 opens toprovide additional warning to neighboring traffic. In some embodiments,the lights on the door 16 may turn on, change colors, change intensity,start flashing etc. when the controller 22 senses that the door is openand traffic is now able to see the lights.

The warning device 50 of the external warning signal system 30 may alsoinclude one or more displays (e.g., heads-up display, monitors, etc.) asthe warning device(s) 50. The display may be within the vehicle 8 orcoupled to the exterior of the vehicle 8. In operation, the display mayprovide a written message such as “caution” or “warning,” which flashes,scrolls, etc. across the display. In some embodiments, the message maybe a symbol such as an arrow, a stop sign, an image of a person exitinga vehicle, etc. In some embodiments, the display may combine a writtenmessage with a symbol/picture. For example, the display mayalternatingly present the written message and symbol/picture;simultaneously present the written message and symbol/picture; etc.enabling neighboring traffic to more clearly understand the possiblehazard condition.

The external warning signal system 28 may also include audio speakers asthe warning device 50. In operation, the audio speakers may provide abrief audio message that warns traffic near the vehicle 8 that someoneis attempting to exit the vehicle 8. The audio message may be a warningnoise (e.g., beeping, honking), a recorded message (e.g., a message thatrepeats “caution,” “warning”), or a combination thereof. In someembodiments, the audio speakers used by the external warning signalsystem 28 may couple to the doors 16 and are activated when the doors 16open.

FIG. 4 is a flow chart 70 of an embodiment of a method of operation ofthe collision warning system 10. In some embodiments, operation of thecollision warning system 10 starts when the controller 22 receives oneor more signals from one or more exit sensors 52 (step 72). The exitsensors 52 may include a motion sensor, optical camera, seat beltsensor, ignition sensor, vehicle motion sensor, door handle sensor, etc.The controller 22 may then process the signals from the exit sensors 52to determine whether an exit condition exits (e.g., if an occupant ispreparing or is likely to exit the vehicle 8) (step 74). For example,the controller 22 may receive signals from exit sensors 52 (e.g.,vehicle motion sensor, seatbelt sensor) that indicate the vehicle 8 isno longer moving and that a seatbelt was unfastened. In someembodiments, the controller 22 may receive a signal from exit sensors 52that indicate that the vehicle 8 is now in a park gear and/or thevehicle ignition has been turned off. The controller 22 may then processthese signals using a program stored in the memory 26 to determinewhether this is an exit condition. If an exit condition exists, thecontroller 22 activates one or more collision sensors 14 (step 76). Ifnot, the controller 22 waits for additional signals from the exitsensors 52 (step 72).

Once the collision sensors 14 are active, the collision sensors 14 begintransmitting to the controller 22 and/or to the server 32 (step 78). Thecontroller 22 and/or server 32 receive the signals (e.g., data) from thecollision sensors 14 (step 80). After receiving the signals, thecontroller 22 and/or server 32 processes the signals using one or moreprograms stored in the memories 26, 34 to determine if a hazardcondition exists (e.g., whether nearby traffic is capable of contactingthe vehicle occupants as they exit the vehicle 8) (step 82). If nohazard condition exists then the collision sensors 14 may continue totransmit signals from the collision sensors to the controller 22 and/orserver for monitoring. In some embodiments, the collision warning system10 may continue to monitor the collision sensors 14 until all of thevehicle occupants have left the vehicle 8 (e.g., until the vehicle islocked, etc.). For example, the controller 22 may continue to monitorsignals from the exit sensors 52 (e.g., weight sensors, motion sensors)until all of the vehicle occupants have left.

If the controller 22 and/or server 32 detect a hazard condition then thecontroller 22 activates the internal and/or external warning signalsystem 28, 30 (step 84). As explained above, the internal warning signalsystem 28 may use a variety of warning devices 50 to communicate withvehicle occupants through audio, visual, and/or vibratory signals.Likewise, the external warning signal system 30 communicates withtraffic (e.g., other vehicles, pedestrians) through warning devices 50about a possible hazard condition as someone exits the vehicle 8. Asexplained above, the warning devices 50 of the external warning signalsystem 28 may communicate using visual signals, auditory signals, or acombination of auditory and visual signals. Once activated, the internaland external warning signal systems 28, 30 may remain on until thevehicle is locked, until the controller 22 determines there are no morevehicle occupants, until there is no longer a hazard condition, and/orfor a specific time period, etc.

Implementations of the embodiments may be made in hardware, firmware,software, or various combinations thereof. The embodiments may also beimplemented as instructions stored on a machine-readable medium, whichmay be read and executed using one or more processing devices. In oneimplementation, machine-readable media may include various mechanismsfor storing and/or transmitting information in a form that can be readby a machine (e.g., a computing device). For example, machine-readablestorage media may include read-only memory, random access memory,magnetic disk storage media, optical storage media, flash memorydevices, and other media for storing information, and machine-readabletransmission media may include forms of propagated signals, includingcarrier waves, infrared signals, digital signals, and other media fortransmitting information. While firmware, software, routines, orinstructions may be described in the above disclosure in terms ofspecific exemplary aspects and implementations performing certainactions, it will be apparent that such descriptions are merely for thesake of convenience and that such actions in fact result from computingdevices, processing devices, processors, controllers, or other devicesor machines executing the firmware, software, routines, or instructions.

Furthermore, aspects and implementations may be described in the abovedisclosure as including particular features, structures, orcharacteristics, but it will be apparent that every aspect orimplementation may or may not necessarily include the particularfeatures, structures, or characteristics. Further, where particularfeatures, structures, or characteristics have been described inconnection with a specific aspect or implementation, it will beunderstood that such features, structures, or characteristics may beincluded with other aspects or implementations, whether or notexplicitly described. Thus, various changes and modifications may bemade to the preceding disclosure without departing from the scope orspirit of the invention, and the specification and drawings shouldtherefore be regarded as exemplary only, with the scope of the inventiondetermined solely by the appended claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A vehicle collision warning system, comprising: agear sensor configured to generate a first signal indicating an exitcondition; a second sensor configured to generate a second signalindicating a traffic condition; an internal warning signal systemconfigured to emit a warning signal to warn a vehicle occupant about ahazard condition, the internal warning signal system comprising: a firstwarning device located on a first side of a vehicle and a second warningdevice located on a second side of the vehicle, wherein the first andsecond warning devices are independently controllable, and wherein thefirst warning device is configured to emit the warning signal when thehazard condition is proximate the first side of the vehicle and thesecond warning device is configured to emit the warning signal when thehazard condition is proximate the second side of the vehicle; and aprocessor configured to: receive the first signal from the opticalcamera to detect the exit condition; receive the second signal from thesecond sensor to detect the traffic condition; in response to the exitcondition, determine whether one or more users of the vehicle areexiting the vehicle from the first side of the vehicle; detect alocation of the hazard condition based on the first and second signals;determine whether the location of the hazard is on the first side of thevehicle; in response to detecting the hazard condition being on firstside of the vehicle, generate a control signal to cause the first toemit the warning signal to warn about the hazard condition; and inresponse to detecting the hazard condition being on the second side ofthe vehicle, determine not to cause the first warning device to emit thewarning signal to warn about the hazard condition.
 2. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the processor is further configured to in response todetecting the hazard condition being on second side of the vehicle,generate a control signal to cause the second warning device to emit thewarning signal to warn about the hazard condition.
 3. The system ofclaim 1, wherein the second sensor is at least one of an optical camera,infrared camera, motion detector, radar, laser, and ultrasonic sensor.4. The system of claim 1, wherein the warning signal is a visual warningsignal.
 5. The system of claim 1, wherein the warning signal is a lightbeam.
 6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first warning device and thesecond warning device are displays.
 7. The system of claim 1, whereinthe warning signal is an auditory warning signal.
 8. The system of claim1, wherein the first warning device and the second warning device areaudio speakers.
 9. The system of claim 1, wherein the first warningdevice and the second warning device are configured to provide avibratory warning signal.